Hemorrhoids are a painful swelling of the internal or external blood vessels in the anus and rectum, often as the result of excessive straining or sitting for extended periods of time. Pain, inflammation of the area and occasional bleeding are all characteristic of hemorrhoids; however, if bleeding occurs it may be a more serious condition, so proper medical attention should be sought.
To help prevent the formation of hemorrhoids, it is important to eat healthy and avoid some habits that are prone to causing hemorrhoids. Eating foods that are high in fiber, such as whole grains, green vegetables and lentils or beans, as well as drinking at least 8 glasses of water a day can help to make bowel movements more regular and prevent straining that can lead to hemorrhoids. Additionally, regular exercise can promote healthy digestion and aid in the proper circulation of blood, as well as breaking up periods of prolonged sitting and taking strain off the lower body. Avoid sitting for extended lengths of time, as this can cause hemorrhoids, as can heavy lifting that places extreme strain on the lower body. Women also commonly get hemorrhoids from the strain exerted during childbirth, so having knowledge of treatment options beforehand can help to regulate the resulting pain and discomfort.
If hemorrhoids have already formed, there are a number of ways to help reduce the discomfort. Using moist wipes or extra soft toilet tissue after bowel movements can help reduce irritation to the affected area. Also, maintaining a diet that promotes regularity and softer stools will prevent further strain and aggravation of the hemorrhoids.
Taking a warm bath daily and washing the affected area with luke-warm water can also help to reduce pain and inflammation and promote healing. A number of over-the-counter ointments exist that can also help to reduce swelling and discomfort; some work better for specific individuals than others, so it may be beneficial to try a few different brands. If using medications for hemorrhoids, only apply them as a temporary solution, as long term use can do more harm and cause further problems. Make sure to consult with your pharmacist to avoid potentially dangerous interactions with other medications.
If hemorrhoids become a chronic problem or begin to create other health problems, surgery might be necessary in extreme cases. Surgeons either inject the effected area with a vasoconstrictor to shrink the blood vessel, use rubber bands to apply pressure and limit blood flow, or remove the affected vessels entirely. Be sure to consult with a doctor to find out which treatment options are best for you before attempting to undergo any treatment regimen.
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